It is mostly found as a white, odorless, tasteless, waxy solid, with a typical melting point between about 47 °C and 64 °C. It is insoluble in water, but soluble in ether, benzene, and certain esters. Paraffin is unaffected by most common chemical reagents, but burns readily.

Pure paraffin wax is an extremely good electrical insulator, with an electrical resistivity of between 1013 and 1017 ohm meter.[  This is better than nearly all other materials except some plastics (notably Teflon). It is an effective neutron moderator and was used in James Chadwick's 1932 experiments to identify the neutron.

The wax present in petroleum crudes primarily consists of paraffin hydrocarbons known as paraffin wax and naphtenic hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbon components of wax can exist in various states of matter (gas, liquid o r solid) depending on their temperature and pressure. When the wax freezes it forms crystals. the crystals formed of paraffin wax are known as microcrystalline wax. Those formed from naphtenes are known as microcrystalline wax.

A hydrocarbon in pure state has definite boiling and freezing (or melting) points which can be measured in the laboratory. Knowing the intermolecular energy parameters or critical properties and acentric factor and/or refractive index of hydrocarbons o ne can predict their boiling point using vapor pressure correlations or such equations of state as vdW, RK, MMM, BWRS, etc. with various degrees of accuracy. However, such methods are not capable of predicting pure hydrocarbon freezing points.

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